Rolling Resistance

Rolling resistance is the energy a tire loses as it deforms and recovers while rolling under load. The vehicle must supply additional energy to overcome this resistance.

What creates rolling resistance

The tire repeatedly changes shape where it contacts the road. Some energy is converted into heat through the rubber and internal structure. Tire construction, compound, size, load, pressure, temperature and road surface all influence the result.

Why it matters

Lower rolling resistance can support better fuel economy or electric-vehicle range. It is only one part of tire performance, however. Designers must also consider wet grip, braking, durability, noise, comfort and load capability.

Maintenance effects

Underinflation increases tire deformation and can raise rolling resistance while also creating heat and wear. Correct cold inflation pressure, proper alignment and suitable tire selection help the vehicle operate as intended. Choosing a tire solely for one efficiency label may overlook other requirements.

Related terms

Tire pressure, fuel efficiency, contact patch and EV-compatible tires.